Letter 10011: I write to you in considerable distress.

To Godiscalcus the Duke. Gregory to Godiscalcus, Duke of Campania. That watchfulness of those set in authority is useful, that caution is praiseworthy, in which reason does the whole work and rage claims nothing for itself. Power, therefore, is to be restrained under reason, nor is anything to be done before the mind, once stirred up, returns to tranquillity. It has accordingly reached us that your greatness has been driven by such a violent onset of rage that you have caused not only the doors of the monastery of Saint Archangel to be broken, but also that whatever was found there be plundered from it. Moreover, you are said to have blazed up so against the abbot of that same monastery that, unless he had hidden himself and lain concealed during the time of your wrath, he would have incurred no slight danger; so that even now, terrified by fear of you, he does not dare to go out of the house in which he had once taken refuge. And lest perhaps you should seem to have done this without cause, you charge the flight of that monk who went over to the enemy against him, as has been reported to us, asserting that he fled with the abbot's own consent. And if this is so, we are grieved, and we greatly marvel at your wisdom. For if you think it lawful that the fault of some should be injurious to others, see how many can lie subject to this charge. For the servants of various nobles, the clergy of many churches, the monks of various monasteries, the men of many judges, have often delivered themselves over to the enemy. Therefore, if this be believed, the masters of the servants, the bishops of the clergy, the abbots of the monks, the judges of the various fugitives, are all set under fault and crime. Have there not, even in the days of your greatness, been many who slipped away by flight from the city in which you reside to the Lombard soldiers? And who can be found of such great indiscretion and such great folly as to reckon that their iniquity ought to be applied to himself? Weigh these things, therefore, carefully, and from your own case estimate the causes of others, so that you may not be led by false suspicions into hostility toward those in whom innocence asserts that it holds its cause in common. But if there is indeed anyone who can say something against the abbot of the aforesaid monastery, something that pertains to his fault and guilt, we do not wish this to be neglected, but rather, together with those whom it concerns, we wish the case to be wholly and strictly and carefully examined, so that either vengeance may strike the guilty or truth may absolve the innocent. But if no one can be found who would assert against him this which you alone allege, we exhort you, noble son, that you restrain yourself from hostility toward the aforesaid monastery and its abbot, and rather extend protection to them and, for God's sake, charity. And if there is anything by which your minds have perhaps been offended, remit it to them for the sake of our intercession; and thus, as befits Christians and prudent men, devote yourselves rather to their assistance, so that we too may render thanks to you, and you may acquire before the almighty Lord a reward through benefits and consolations bestowed upon us, his servants.

AD GODISCALCUM DUCEM. Argu't quod iralus monasterii januas ſrangi et bona diript ſecerit, Monachi ad hostes ſugam non im- putandam abbati. Ut monaslerio et abbati ad- rersart desinat, imo wut luitionem impendat, hor- talur. | Gregorius Godiscalco duci Campaniz. Illa prepositorum sollicitudo utilis (Grat. 11, q. 5, c, bT), i!la est cautela laudabilis, in qua totum ratio agit, et ſuror $iÞi nihil vindicat. Restringenda ergo $ub raljone poteslas est, nec -quidquam agendum priusquam concitata ad tranquillitatem mens redeat. EeisT. X fAl. 41]. — * Nescio quo consilio recen- tiores Editi, repudiata hac lectione que est Mss. Vatic., Turon., Norm., Corh., etc., ac vet. Excus., legendnm proponant, velut unum de laicis, in causis $ecularibus occupari , et pretoriis deservire. De verbo obserrare, quod pro deservire habent Codices manu exarali jam dictum ad epist. 6 lib, vin, indict. 1: Vide quoque lib. 1x epist. 92. Unum reſero ex Nicephori lib. x, c. 145, de impera- lore apostala, qui dolo malo clericos senatorum mu- nere et ministerio ſungi jussit, ut vel sic religio verze pietlatis aboleretur, spreto sanclti Pauli edicto : Nemo militans Deo implicat se negotiis s@cularibus. Cxle- rum recte monet sanctus Gregorius istjusmodi occu- pationibus vilem reddi clericum , reverentiamque Sacerdotalem perire. Glossa in c, 4, dist. 88, ait Basilium istum degservisse- pretoriis coram judicibus advocando. Addit vir eruditus Basilium episcopumn causas egisse in foro seculari, de episcopo factum causidicum aut advocitum. Non impugno; miror magis ex qua id bistoria Sumpserit. Yerba epistol:x 8 consulo, Basilius causis 8xcularibus occupabatur, deserviebat preloriis : id cadit in judices, in advo- calos, in Ccausidicos, in notarios, in 8cribas, jn via- tores, lictores aliosque id genus fori judicialis asse- clas, admini-tros. Quidni potius Basilium scholastt- cis, consiliariis,. judicibus accensent? Scio apud ve- teres historicos episcopum pavisse Oves Per Campos, alium exercuisse textrinam, alium de navibus fabri- candis fuisse sollicitum. Glossatori forte occurrerat episcopus CauSidicus aut advocatus coram judicibus laicis in foro. Mihi nequidem videtur Basilius sedisse judex, sed negotiorum $sxcularium amans luisse, Contra quam sanctus Paulus docueral, canones Sanxe- B feccrit. | . | Pervenit itaque ad nos magnitudinem tuam usque ad hoc esse impetu ſuroris impulsam, ut non solum frangi januas monaslerii $ancli Archangeli, verum etiam diripi exinde quod ibi inventum est, ſeceris. Insuper au'tem sic contra abbatem ejusdem myuna- Sterii diceris exarsis-e, ul, nisi occultans $e iracun- die luz tempore latuisset, non leve discrimen in- currissel, denique ut metn tuo perterritus de domo in qua $e olim receperat exi:e nuncusque non au- deat. Quod ne frustra ſecisse ſorsitan videreris, fu- gam monachi ipsius qui ad hostes abiit ad ejus, quantum ad nos perlatum est, crimen impingis, a$- Serens quod cum ipsius voluntate fugerit. Quod $i ita est, contrislamur, et valde vestram $apientiam miramur. Nam $i licitum putalis ut aliorum culpa aliis sil nociva, LQ49 multi buic possunt crimini Subjacere. Diversorum enim nobilium $e: vi, multa- rum Ecclesiarum clerici, diversorum monaslerio- 'rum monachi, multorum judicum homines, s:xpe $e. C hostibus tradiderunt. Ergo si hoe creditur, servorum utique domini, clericorum episcopi, monachorum abbaltes, diversorum fugitivorum judices, omnes 8ub culpa sunt et crimine constituti. Nunquid et diebus magniludinis tuz multi de ci- Vitate in- qua consistis , ad. Langobardos milites fuga non lapsi sunt? Et quis tantz indiscretionis, tanlz- que possit slullitize reperiri, ut eorum iniquitatem libi xstlimet applicandam? Hzc itaque Sollicite pensa, atque ex le aliorum cansas zs$tima, ut ®* in quorum- rant. Indico distinctionem $8 et caus. 21, q. 5, in multis canonibus. Nec ierrere debent voces cause preetorie deservire. Earum $i notiones diversas n0- verimus, censeant vel periti juris. Alciatus, ad le- gem 498, de verbor. signif. : Pretorium, inquit, do- mus imperatoria est, quod quemcunque miluum impe- ratorem antiqui pratorem dicebant. Sic et principia pro principis tabernaculo arcipiuntur Vegetio. Cepit autem pretorii appel/atio pro ornatiore domo accipi, in qua pater ſamilias ruri habitat, eic. Hxc ille. Ea cerle pre'orii nolio in Digesto passim occurril, nec- non apud Suetonium, Tertullianum, aliosque vrteres sCriplores. Itaque in Basilio aulici mores improban- tur, et ad curas paslorales revocalur. Goussanv. Ba- Silium non judicis $-d potius procuraturis foren>is Mmunus. exercuisse inde pot. £t intelligi, quod dirat Sanctus Gregorius eum ea de cauga viluisse, et 1an- quam unum de ullimis reputatum; qu»d minime dici potuisset si judicis deſunctus ſuisset officio. Pra- terea $ensus huyjus verbi obserrare pole>st erui ex epist. 28 sequenti, ubi legimus : nl ef. . . . . causa finem accipial, et partes apud te nulla ſatiqget in o0b- 8erratione dilatio. loc loco observatio signilic:t actio- nem forensem, Gallice la procedure. © In Mss. nostris id miniine legitur, nisi quod in Regio observamus scriptum, mense Decembris, in- dict. 3; mense Novembris, indict. 3; mense Januarii, indict. 3; menze Februarii, indict. 3. Hoc in Cu- dice sxpius conveniunt muliipl.ces illz noie ch 0. nologic:e in eisdein episiolis; unde nullius habenda videtur ratio. | ErisT. Xl [Al. 12]. — * Hoe est ad quibusdam ad- vers:.ndum. ldem et Sensus hujus vocis infra, a me- morati monaslerii abbaiisque ipsius te adversitale con- | lineas. Szpe occurrit hxc vox apud sanctum. Gre- gorium in boc sensu, videlicet lib, 1 Moral. n. 51 ; dam adversitates falsis suspicionibus non ducaris. Si A suum aSSerit habere communem. Sed ut ad dividen- vero est aliquis qui de pradicti monasterii abbate possit aliquid dicere, quod ad culpam reatunque ejus pertineat, nos hoc non negligi, $ed magis una quidem cum eis quorum inleres!, causam omnino disiricte et sollicite volumus perscrutari, ut aut ſeriat vindicta culpabilem, aut absolyal veritas in- nocentem. Si autem nullus inveniri potuerit, qui contra eum hoc quod $olus ipse perhibes asserat, bortamur, magniſice fili, ut a memorati monaslerii abbatisque ipsins te adversitate contineas, et potius taitionem iis et propter Deum charitatem impendas. Et $i quid est nnde animi vestri fortassis offers} sunt, pro nostra eis fnterventione remiltite; et ita vos, sicut Christianos convenit et prudentes, in eorum magis Juvamine commodate, quatenus et nos vobis gratias reſeramus, et ante omnipotentem Dominum merceden pro ns | servis ejus beneſiciis ac $0- latiis acquiratis Þ.