Letter 35: FRIEDBERG, Decr. Gratiani, XXIV, I, 34, c, 979-980; MANSI, IX, c.

Pelagius [Pope] to Viator and Pancratius, illustrious men. We have wondered greatly how it is that, while you firmly hold to the wholesome judgment of not separating yourself from anyone in the communion of unity, you should still have any doubt whether you ought to abstain from the sacrifices of the schismatics-or rather their sacrileges. For by this alone, that they are schismatics, it is established that they are not within the unity of the Church. For schism itself, which is a Greek word, means a tearing apart; but in unity there can be no tearing. Therefore those who communicate with schismatics do not communicate with unity: they have made factions for themselves, and from that which is one-to speak now in the words of the apostle Jude-separating their own selves. They do not have the Spirit. From all of which it follows that, because they are not one within unity, because they refused to be in the part [that is whole], because they do not have the Spirit, they cannot have the sacrifice of the body of Christ. To this matter recall all those things which are contained in your letter to our sons, and especially that which you were unwilling to set forth from the example of blessed Cyprian; for in this also lies the greatest glory of that same martyr: that, although he himself held a very different opinion concerning the rebaptizing of heretics, he nevertheless wrote both by his work and by his voice that the bond of ecclesiastical unity must be preserved. But the question before us now is not whether we should tolerate the wicked, but whether we ought to associate ourselves with schismatics. For if these men, though overflowing in their own opinion, were nevertheless seeking the truth while placed within the maternal womb [of the Church], they were not to be driven away by us until the truth of the matter should have shone clear among them with reason as their guide. But because they have divided themselves from the universal Church-as blessed Augustine says: Every catholic securely detests that party which he recognizes does not communicate with the universal Church established upon the apostolic seats. Nor indeed does it lighten their crime, but rather increases it, that you said they long resisted, lest by communicating with the apostolic seats they should receive such men into their own communion. For in this matter, although those too are to be blamed who refused to communicate with such men, far more are those to be execrated who spurned the communion of the apostolic seats not only in the priests but even in the very laymen. Nor does that profit them either, which you report-that they suspended themselves from our communion through these same letters by ignorance of reason or by simplicity of their own understanding. For that very thing is rather the reason why they are schismatics: because it was not a judgment of holding a different opinion, but a certain most wicked notion-fearing things reported to them yet unknown to them, and rashly believing things against the apostolic seats-that divided them. And that this is schism in a special sense blessed Augustine declares, saying of such men: Against the authority of those churches which by rashly believing deserved to receive the apostolic seats and epistles, he will not be able to drive from himself the most monstrous crime of schism. In sum: either you believe that those men are the Church-and since there cannot be two churches, you will, God forbid, be declaring us schismatics-or, if it is established that the true Church is in the apostolic seats, then acknowledge that those men are divided from unity, and that the question of communion has been removed, since the true Church is established as unable to exist except in unity. Do not therefore, as though there were no difference between schismatics and the Church, wish indifferently to associate yourself with the sacrifices of both. For it is not the body of Christ which the schismatic confects, if we are directed with truth as our guide. For no one will be able to feign that Christ is divided without the apostle's condemnation. It is established that the Church, which is the body of Christ, is one, as has often been said; and it cannot be divided into two or into many: for at the same time, when anyone has departed from it, the Church ceases to be. There is one temple of Jerusalem: he who has divided his own self must of necessity sacrifice to idols. [The same.] Concerning Paulinus the bishop, however, set aside your fear for a little while, and put off, as no longer necessary, those charges which you say can still be increased against him, as becomes sons of the Church. For nothing of the sort which you suspect can be urged upon us by anyone. Rather, we do this by the censure of the apostolic seat, so that he may not be defrauded of the benefits of the penance granted to him; but [we entreat] him who is mighty, by being supplicated, to forgive sins, that there-in the judgment of him who is our head-and in the present age, if he shall have so repented, he may obtain pardon from his body. Yet we have commanded that he be brought forth from here at once through the deacons, with grave rebuke, and that he hasten to the monastery to which he had been confined; otherwise let him know that, bound with iron and placed on a ship, he will be carried back to the aforesaid place of penance: and he has promised that he will go without restraint.

FRIEDBERG, Decr. Gratiani, XXIV, I, 34, c, 979-980; MANSI, IX, c. 731-732; MIGNE, PL. 69, c. 412-413; (7; 10; 13-14) WOLF V, GLANVELL, Deusdedit Coli, can., I, 175, 176, 178, p. 110; (15-17) EWALD, NA., V, Coli. Brit., Pelag. ep. 22, p. 545-546. PELAGIUS [PAPA] UIATORI ET PANCRATIO ILLUSTRI¬ BUS. Ualde mirati sumus quamadmodum salubrem sententiam [ de non diuidendo se quemquam ab unitatis communione firmiter retinentes, utrum uos ab scismaticorum sacrificiis, potius autem (2-3; 5-14), C, fol. 127^^-^^, C 3 fol. 100-100'', C 4 fol. 94^-94''^; fol. 33: (1: a scismatico- nim... debeatis; 7; 10: beatus...; 13-14); D* fol. 179-179''; E^ fol. 46^^'^^: (5-9), E^ fol. 66''^, Ea fol. 70'', E 4 fol. 35^; H fol. 25''^: (l:a scismatic... debeatis; 13-14); I fol. 50''-5r: (1-5; 7-9; 11-13); J fol. 105-105'': (eadem); Oi fol. 214^-215: (2-3; 5-13), fol. 202''^-203\ O 3 fol. 23T'-232, O 4 fol. 236''-237; P^ fol. 428-428^: (2-3; 5-13), P^ fol. 157-157'', P, fol. 130^: (2-3; 13: unam...), P 4 fol. 145-145'': (2-3; 5-13); Q fol. 68-68'': (2-3; 5-13); Si fol. 152-152'': (2-3; 5-13), S* fol. 283-283''. 1 -pelagius] ex pelasius E,» pellagius 0 * O 4 , (p)elagius (p parv. add.) Pj, idem (pelagius) D P S papa] om. B D E H I J Q panchratio D^, paucrado E 4 , pangrantio J, patrido Q uiatori... illustr.] om. OPS, illustr. om. H, add. inter cete¬ ra C £) 3 quemquam] J (cf. ep. 7, l. 6) : quenquam I 4 uos] om. J ab] a. D H Tit. Uiatori et Pancratio illustribus: Hac una epistula cogniti; cum gloriosi non fuerint, inlustres meri honorarii aut vacantes sunt habendi. 1. Huius paragraphi iuvamine potui proprium adsignare locum sen¬ tentiae Deusdedit, I, 177: a scismaticorum ... debeatis, quam P. Ewaed, 0 . c., l. c., p. 545, n. 1, qui hunc textum non noverat, posuerat in 7° loco. I EPisruEA 35,1-4 g sacrilegiis, abstinere debeatis, aliquatenus dubitetis, cum per hoc solum quod scismatici sunt in unitate eos non esse constet eccle¬ siae. Scisma siquidem ipsum, quod graecum nomen est, scissuram sonat; sed in unitate scissura esse non potest. Non ergo unitati communicant [qui scismaticis communicat]: partes sibi ipsi fece- jo runt, et ab eo quod unum est, ut apostoli ludae uerbis iam loquar: semet ipsos segregantes. Spiritum non ha¬ bent. Quibus omnibus illud efficitur, ut quia in unitate unum non sunt, ut quia in parte esse noluerunt, ut quia Spiritum non habent, corpus Christi sacrificium habere non possint. Ad hoc I uniuersa illa reuocate, quae in uestra ad filios nostros continentur [i epistula, maximeque illud quod de beati Cypriani exemplo ponere [j noluistis; siquidem et in hoc maxima eiusdem martyris gloria est: debetis D H, add. idem in eadem epla. [epla. ow.] (seq. ^ 7) D, add. item (seq. ^13-14) H aliqua tinus dubitatis J per] om. I 6 solum] solo I non esse] scripsi : esse non I J 7 siquidem] quidem C^ C, C* graec. nomen est] C J 0 P Q Sii graec. est nom. est Sg, graec. est nomen (an recte?) I 8 unitate] ueritate Os 9 com¬ municant] IJ : communicat C 0 P Q S qui scismat. communicat] om. I J ipsis Oj Og fecerunt ipsi O 3 O 4 10 ut] et Pj apostolis Oj Og uerbis iam] I J : iam uerbis C 0 P Q S 11 semed Cj ipsum Sg congregantes O 3 O 4 12 efficitur illud C 3 G 3 C 4 ut] et Pj unitates C, C 4 12-13 non unum Ps 13 in partem P 2 P 4 , in- patre 0,, impatre Og 14 corpus] corporis Holstenius possint] C^ J Oi O 2 Q S, ex possunt I (?): possunt C Os 0* P 15 continetur I 16 beati] superscr. I 2. Scisma... scissuram sonat: His similia apud A. Augustinum, Sermo CCh, 2 (In dieb. Paschal. XXI): Quid enim sunt schismata nisi scissurae.^ (MiGNE, PL. 38, c. 1165). Non ... unitati communicant: Lectionem quam proferunt coli, pleraeque itemque Gratianus: Non... communicat qui scismaticis commu¬ nicat reieci ut interpolatam. (Cf. apparatum). Introducit enim singularem in contextum plurali numero et ante et postea expressum; cursum inritat. E contrario, textus in editione selectus est brevior, difficilior, rhythmum servat, quae omnia, simul cum adsint, eum esse genuinum evincunt. apostoli ludae uerbis: lud., 19; Cf. 1 Cor., 2,14. 3. corpus Christi sacrificium: Locutio difficilior quidem est, sed ita codd. omnes legerunt. An sacrificium fuit interpolatum tempore pugnarum adversus simoniacos? Cf. infra § 13. An corrigendum esset forte corpus in corporis, sicut iam fedt Holstenius (Migne, PL. 69, c. 412), aut certe legendum corpus Xti., sacrificium, vel corpus Xti. <6/> sacrificium? Mihi autem magis placet ut rehqui. 4. epistula: Amissa ut videtur. beati Cypriani: Argumentum consimile in opere A. Augustini De baptismo, II, 4,5-5, 6 (M. PETSCHENIG, CSEL., t. LI, p. 179-180). ^ 7. —p. Univ.-Bibl. Baifnberg PEI.AGII I PAPAE quod, cum diuersum nimis de rebaptizandis hereticis ipse senti¬ ret, unitatis tamen ecclesiasticae uinculum conseruandum esse et opere scripsit et uoce. Non autem nobis mmc illa quaestio est, 5 utrum tolerare malos, sed utrum debeamus scismaticis sociari. Si enim isti, licet in suo sensu abundantes, intra materna tamen 6 positi uiscera quaererent ueritatem, a nobis repellendi non erant, donec apud eos ratione duce [rei] ueritas claruisset. Sed quia se ab 7 uniuersali ecclesia diuiserunt, sicut beatus Augustinus ait: Omnis catholicus securus eam partem detestatur, cui ecclesiam u n i u e r s a 1 e m a p o s t o 1 i c i s sedi¬ bus roboratam non communicare cognoscit. Nec enim leuigat eorum crimen magis uero auget, quod eos diu 8 restitisse dixistis, ne apostolicis communicantes sedibus in sua communione reciperent. In hoc enim, dum et illi culpandi sunt, qui communicare tahbus noluerunt, multo magis tamen illi exe- crahdi sunt, qui non solum in sacerdotibus communionem aposto- licarum sedium uerum in ipsis etiam laicis spreuerunt. Sed nec 9 illud eis prodest, quod eos in eisdem htteris uel ignorantia rationis toUerare O* scimathicis (an pro schismat..?,) B sociari] ex sociare /, sociare £4 P B C2 Os O4 Pj Si tamen] om. P4 23 uiscera] ex uucera (?J B 2 que¬ ri tent E reppellendi Pg P 4 erant] essent C 24 rei] om. B E Q ueritatis C 4 detest. partem S destatur B^ 27 eccles. uniuers.] B B^ C^D E O P^Q Si uniuers. eccles. C I J P 2 P 4 , uniuers. eplam. Cg 28 conmunic. E^ £ 4 , (?) Cg, comunicantes C 4 iterat, et delet. (lin. subnotat.) in B 30 restitisse] restituisse B dixisti seq. ne apostoli¬ cis iterat, et delet, (lin. subnotat.) in B conmunic. (semper) £ 4 , (aliquando) Cg com- munic. sedibus] non communic. sedibus Cj Cg Oi Og, sedibus communic. I J 30-31 in sua... culpandi] om. C Oj Og 31 reciperent] susciperent I J sunt] B E Os O4, ex sint Pj: sint (recte fortasse) C I J Oj Og P Q S 32-33 qui... sunt] add. in marg. B 2 (?), om. Pi 32 qui] quod C Oi Og comunic. B uoluerint O 3 O 4 multo] om. B illis C 33 conmun. (saepe) £ 1 , comun. Sj, conmunem Cg, comunem C 4 34 uerum] etiam huc transp. I in] om. Pj etiam] E J (I) : om. B C O P Q S spreuerunt] C £j E^I J Oi O2S : speruerunt £ 3 , ex sperauer. £ 3 , sperauerunt B O 3 O 4 Q, in marg. corr. Pg, separauerunt Pu se separauerunt Pg, spauerunt P 4 35 eos] eis C Oi Og 7. beatus Augustinus ait: Uhinam invenire non valui. Cf. tamen notulas ad ep. 24,18, p. 77. Quaedam vero his similia sunt in libris A. Augustini Contra epistulam Parmenianiy III, 4,24 (M. PETSCHEnig, CSKb., t. EI, p. 131). nes omnes schismaticorum. uel simphcitate intellectus sui a nostra se communione suspen¬ disse perhibetis. Id enim ipsum magis est propter quod scismatici sunt,, quia non eos diuersa sentiendi indicium, sed quaedam apud se delata sibi tamen incognita metuentes, et contra apostohcas sedes temere credentes pessima diuisit opinio. Quod scisma spe- 10 cialiter esse beatus enuntiat Augustinus dicens de talibus: Aduersus auctoritatem illarum ecclesiarum quae apostolicas sedes et epistulas accipere meruerunt temere credendo, immanissimum scismatis crimen a se propulsare non pote¬ rit. Ad summam, aut illos esse ecclesiam creditis, et cum duae 11 ecclesiae esse non possint, nos, quod absit, scismaticos indicabi¬ tis, aut si neram in apostolicis sedibus esse constat ecclesiam, et illos ab unitate diuisos cognoscite et communionis quaestionem esse sublatam, quam neram nisi in unitate constat esse non posse. Noli ergo, quasi nulla scismaticorum atque ecclesiae differentia 12 sit, uelle indifferenter utrorumque sacrificiis sociari. Non est 13 enim Christi corpus quod sdsmaticus conficit, si ueritate duce simplicitatem Sj sui intellectus S se comun. £, conmun. se E^ suspen-] ex sup- pen- Si 37 perhibetis] probetis P^ id] om. Q enim ipsum] B E : ipsum autem /, ip¬ sum enim C I O P Q S [enim super scr.'] Og scimatici B 38 non] add. in Cg C 3 C 4 sen¬ tiendi] ex sentiendum Og aput B 39 incognita] om. P 4 metuentes] ex metuenda (?) Sjet] id est C 4 39-40 apostolicam sedem C O P Q S 40 pessuna/.^j Cg oppinio Pi scisma] ex sdssina Og 41 esse] om. B^ D enuntiat] B C D O Q S: denuntiat Pj P august. enunt. de talibus [dicens om.] Pi D 42 aduersus] B P Q'. aduersum C^ O S, qui aduersus C, qui aduersum Pi D eccles.] om. O 43 apostolica Oi Og Pi epistu¬ las] i post 1 expunx. B 44 credendo] credit Pj C P, add. iter, meruer. Pj inmanissi- mum C O 4 Pg P 4 45 scism. crimen] B BiD: crimen scism. C O P Q S, scism. eras. Pi poterit] ex potat Sj 46 ad summam aut] I O 3 Q S: ad summ. autem P /, assu¬ mam aut C O P illos] alios C eccles. esse I /, esse in eccles. Cg Cg C 4 47 esse eccles. O 3 O 4 possunt Os P nos] non Cg C 3 C 4 iudicabi-] ex iudicaba- J 48 ue- ram] uestra Cg Cs C 4 , uero P constat esse Cg C 3 C 4 O 3 O 4 Sg 49 unitate] ex eni- tate Sj cognoscite] ex cognoscete cognoscitis J 50 nisi] om. Cg C 3 C 4 non posse] om. B 51 noli] ex nali I nulla] om. Pj 52 indeferenter O 4 53 enim] om. C D O P Q S Christus J 10. beatus... Augustinus: Simile quid invenitur in De doctrina Christiana, II, 8, 12: ... inter quas sane illae sint, quae apostolicas sedes habe¬ re, et ah ea meruerunt accipere epistolas... (MiGNE, PE. 34, c. 40; H. J. Vo- GEES \Florileg. Patrist., fasc. 23], Bonnae, 1930, p. 24). 13. Non est... Christi corpus quod scismaticus conficit: Non quod Pelagius deneget vim consecrationi schismaticorum, quamvis medio aevo in controversiis contra simoniacos perverso sensu eis verbis quidam male usi fuerint, ad iura sedis apostolicae propugnanda. Cf. Gerhohi, Episto- PBIvAGII I PAPAE dirigimur. Nec enim diuisum esse Christum, poterit quisquam sine apostoli reprobatione confingere. Unam, ut saepe dictum est, quae Christi corpus est, constat esse ecclesiam; [quae] in duo uel in plura diuidi non potest: simul enim, cum ab ea quisque discesserit, esse desistit ecclesia. Untun Hierusalem templum est: ydohs ne- 14 cesse est ut immolet, qui semet ipsum diuiserit. [Item]. De Paulino 15 autem episcopo timorem uestrum paulisper infringite, et ea quae in illum adhuc augeri posse dicitis crimina, uelut iam non necessa¬ ria sicut ecclesiae filii post ponite. Nihil enim nobis tale quale suspicamini a quoquam poterit suaderi. Magis autem hoc aposto- 16 licae censura sedis agimus, ut concessae sibi paenitentiae beneficiis non fraudetur; sed illi qui potens est peccata dimittere supplican¬ do, ut illic in eius qui caput nostrum est iudicio, et in praesenti si ita paenituerit saeculo, ab eius corpore ueniam consequatur. Quem tamen nos cum graui obiurgatione per diaconos hinc confes- 17 tim exire, et ad monasterium in quo relegatus fuerat properare 58-54 si... dirigimur] om. D H 54 nec] neque H poter, christ. H quispiam Cj probatione Pi confingere] ex confringere Ca, congere 0 ^ 56 corpus chri. est Q, est chri. corpus (recte fort., cf. l. 52-53) IJ constat esse] C D I J Oi Og: esse cons¬ tat H Og O4 P Q 5, add. ad quae^] et 5, om. Ci IJ 0 P Q 57 in] im (implura) O2, om. C2 C 3 C 4 D 5 cum] om. C3 C 4 ab] ad Cg quisquis Q discesserit] om. I J 58 eccles. esse desistit P iherusalem Cg, ierusalem C ydolis] D: ydolo Cg, idolo C 59 imolet C 4 semed Cj 61 quaedam eras, aut delet, sup. verba adhuc... posse, -a uelut iam vid. in B 67 penituerit ^penit., ut solet) ex potuerit B lam ad Innocentium papam (B. Sacrur, MGH., De lite, t. III, p. 225-226); Biusdem, Librum de simoniacis (Idem, ihid., p. 264-267); Anonymi, Trac¬ tatum de scismaticis (I. DrBTERiCH-H. BoehmEr, ibid., p. 112-130); DEUS- DEDIT, Libell. contra invasores et simoniacos, II, 3-4 (B) (B. Sackur, MGH., De lite, t. II, p. 320-322). Contra, pontificis verba spirituaHter sunt intel¬ legenda: corpus enim Christi (ut paulo infra dicit) est Bcclesia. Cf. etiam ep. 60,3, p. 161; S. Tromp, Corpus Xti. quod est Ecclesia (Pontif. Univ. Greg.), t. I, Romae, 1946, p. 80. Pelagii mens consonat prorsus eis, quae Cyprianus et A. Augustinus, quorum verba adlegavit, scripserant. Cf., verbi gratia, S. Cypriani, De catholicae ecclesiae unitate, 4-6 (G. HarTel, CSBB., t. III, 1, p. 212-215). Cf. etiam ep. 24, 14, p. 76-77. sine apostoli reprobatione: Cf. 1 Cor., 1,10-13; 12,12-27. cetera. 15. De Paulino... episcopo: Forosemproniensem praesulem esse reor, de quo infra loquitur in epp. 60,1-3; 69; 70; 71,1, p. 159-160; 178-182. EPisruBA 35,13-17 praecepimus, alioquin sciret, se ferro uinctum atque naui inpositum, ad praedictum locum paenitentiae reportari: qui absolute se am¬ bulaturum esse promisit. 17. naui inpositum: Monasterium ubi relegatus fuerat contumax antistes in insula quadam forte situm erat. Cf. simile exemplum in ep. 92,2, p. 219. PEIrAGII I PAPAE Episcopum Bonum rogat, ut subdiaconatus ordine initietur mo¬ nachus Rufinus a Teodoro designatus. Postea vero mittat eum Romam, quo papa eum sacerdotio insignire possit: itaque in basilica sancti Lau¬ rentii divina officia tempore paschali celebrari valebunt.